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DNA Synthesis and Cell Division:
Folic acid is crucial for the synthesis and repair of DNA-the genetic material in our cells. It is required for the production of nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. Adequate folic acid levels are especially important during periods of rapid cell division, such as during pregnancy or in tissues with high turnover rates like the bone marrow.
Red Blood Cell Production and Anemia Prevention:
Folic acid is involved in the formation of red blood cells. It is necessary for the maturation of red blood cell precursors in the bone marrow. Insufficient folic acid can lead to a type of anemia called megaloblastic anemia, characterized by the production of abnormally large red blood cells that are unable to carry oxygen efficiently.
Foods rich in folic acid include green leafy vegetables (such as spinach and broccoli), legumes, citrus fruits, whole grains, eggs, liver, and fortified cereals and breads. However, it is important to note that folic acid obtained through diet alone may not be sufficient for certain individuals, such as pregnant women or those with specific medical conditions, and supplementation may be necessary.